Key Points
- The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) has issued an interim final rule requiring employers to update the summary of rights form given to applicants and employees in conjunction with a background check by a consumer reporting agency.
- The form must disclose that applicants and employees may receive free "national security freezes", and that the minimum time that nationwide consumer reporting agencies must include an initial fraud alert in a consumer's file is one year. The CFPB has updated its model form to comply with the new rule.
- The CFPB rule has the practical effect of requiring employers to provide an updated form at the initial stage of pre-employment screening and when the employer intends to take adverse action based on information obtained from a consumer report.
The CFPB's interim final rule took effect on September 21, 2018, after its September 12th issuance. That rule interprets a new section of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), which took effect in May 2018 when Congress passed the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act. Interpreting this new section, the CFPB updated two model consumer rights disclosure forms to include notice of the consumer's right to a free national security freeze, and the extension from 90 days to one year of the minimum time that nationwide consumer reporting agencies must include an initial fraud alert in a consumer's file. See 15 U.S.C. § 1681c-1. The security freeze prevents a credit reporting agency from releasing a consumer's credit report without his or her consent, and prevents anyone from opening accounts in the name of that consumer.
The CFPB has interpreted the FCRA amendments to require that employers update the Summary of Consumer Rights provided to an applicant or employee before obtaining a consumer report and in conjunction with potential adverse action based on the report. The CFPB's model summary is available here.
Next Steps for Employers
The update requirements are effective now. Employers should obtain the CFPB's model form from the CFPB's website and provide it when obtaining an applicant's or employee's authorization to procure a consumer report, as well as when considering adverse action based on information in the report.